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如何在C#的WinForm中制作饼状图和柱状图
作者:佚名  文章来源:不详  点击数  更新时间:2008/5/9 19:01:11  文章录入:杜斌  责任编辑:杜斌

  当我们的软件需要各种饼状图和柱状图来表示数据时,我们或许会想到用Offices中的图形控件或是第三方控件,但现在的第三方控件大都需要注册,有些免费的控件会有开发商的标记等。而对于使用Offices的图形控件来说,并不能在程序中得于很好控制,其使用的简易程度也较低,所以在这我给出在C#中使用GDI+实现饼状图和柱状图跟数据库联接显示数据的方法。
  using System;
  using System.IO;//用于文件存取
  using System.Data;//用于数据访问
  using System.Drawing;//提供画GDI+图形的基本功能
  using System.Drawing.Text;//提供画GDI+图形的高级功能
  using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;//提供画高级二维,矢量图形功能
  using System.Drawing.Imaging;//提供画GDI+图形的高级功能
  namespace BaseLayer
  {
  public class PieChart
  {
  public PieChart()
  {
  }
  //Render是图形大标题,图开小标题,图形宽度,图形长度,饼图的数据集和饼图的数据集要表示出来的数据
  public Image Render(string title, string subTitle, int width, int height, DataSet chartData,int DataLine)
  {
  const int SIDE_LENGTH = 400;
  const int PIE_DIAMETER = 200;
  DataTable dt = chartData.Tables[0];

//通过输入参数,取得饼图中的总基数
  float sumData = 0;
  foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
  {
  sumData += Convert.ToSingle(dr[DataLine]);
  }
  //产生一个image对象,并由此产生一个Graphics对象
  Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width,height);
  Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm);
  //设置对象g的属性
  g.ScaleTransform((Convert.ToSingle(width))/SIDE_LENGTH,(Convert.ToSingle(height))/SIDE_LENGTH);
  g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.Default;
  g.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;

//画布和边的设定
  g.Clear(Color.White);
  g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,0,0,SIDE_LENGTH-1,SIDE_LENGTH-1);
  //画饼图标题
  g.DrawString(title,new Font("Tahoma",14),Brushes.Black,new PointF(5,5));
  //画饼图的图例
  g.DrawString(subTitle,new Font("Tahoma",12),Brushes.Black,new PointF(7,35));
  //画饼图
  float curAngle = 0;
  float totalAngle = 0;
  for(int i=0;i  {
  curAngle = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][DataLine]) / sumData * 360;

g.FillPie(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),100,65,PIE_DIAMETER,PIE_DIAMETER,totalAngle,curAngle);
  g.DrawPie(Pens.Black,100,65,PIE_DIAMETER,PIE_DIAMETER,totalAngle,curAngle);
  totalAngle += curAngle;
  }
  //画图例框及其文字
  g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,200,300,199,99);
  g.DrawString("图表说明",new Font("Tahoma",12,FontStyle.Bold),Brushes.Black,new PointF(200,300));

//画图例各项
  PointF boxOrigin = new PointF(210,330);
  PointF textOrigin = new PointF(235,326);
  float percent = 0;
  for(int i=0;i  {
  g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);
  g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);
  percent = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][DataLine]) / sumData * 100;
  g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][1].ToString() + " - " + dt.Rows[i][0].ToString() + " (" + percent.ToString("0") + "%)",new Font("Tahoma",10),Brushes.Black,textOrigin);
  boxOrigin.Y += 15;
  textOrigin.Y += 15;
  }
  //回收资源
  g.Dispose();
  return (Image) bm;

}
  }

  画条形图
  public class BarChart
  {
  public BarChart()
  {
  }
  //Render是图形大标题,图开小标题,图形宽度,图形长度,饼图的数据集和饼图的数据集
  public Image Render(string title, string subTitle, int width, int height, DataSet chartData)
  {
  const int SIDE_LENGTH = 400;
  const int CHART_TOP = 75;
  const int CHART_HEIGHT = 200;
  const int CHART_LEFT = 50;
  const int CHART_WIDTH = 300;
  DataTable dt = chartData.Tables[0];

//计算最高的点
  float highPoint = 0;
  foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
  {
  if(highPoint  {
  highPoint = Convert.ToSingle(dr[0]);
  }
  }
  //建立一个Graphics对象实例
  Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width,height);
  try
  {
  Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm);
  //设置条图图形和文字属性
  g.ScaleTransform((Convert.ToSingle(width))/SIDE_LENGTH,(Convert.ToSingle(height))/SIDE_LENGTH);
  g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.Default;
  g.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;

//设定画布和边
  g.Clear(Color.White);
  g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,0,0,SIDE_LENGTH-1,SIDE_LENGTH-1);
  //画大标题
  g.DrawString(title,new Font("Tahoma",14),Brushes.Black,new PointF(5,5));
  //画小标题
  g.DrawString(subTitle,new Font("Tahoma",12),Brushes.Black,new PointF(7,35));
  //画条形图
  float barWidth = CHART_WIDTH / (dt.Rows.Count * 2);
  PointF barOrigin = new PointF(CHART_LEFT + (barWidth / 2),0);
  float barHeight = dt.Rows.Count;
  for(int i=0;i  {
  barHeight = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][0]) * 200 / highPoint * 1;
  barOrigin.Y = CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT - barHeight;
  g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),barOrigin.X,barOrigin.Y,barWidth,barHeight);
  barOrigin.X = barOrigin.X + (barWidth * 2);
  }
  //设置边
  g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black,2),new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP),new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT));
  g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black,2),new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT),new Point(CHART_LEFT + CHART_WIDTH,CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT));
  //画图例框和文字
  g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black,1),200,300,199,99);
  g.DrawString("图表说明",new Font("Tahoma",12,FontStyle.Bold),Brushes.Black,new PointF(200,300));

//画图例
  PointF boxOrigin = new PointF(210,330);
  PointF textOrigin = new PointF(235,326);
  for(int i=0;i  {
  g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);
  g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);
  g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][1].ToString() + " - " + dt.Rows[i][0].ToString(),new Font("Tahoma",10),Brushes.Black,textOrigin);
  boxOrigin.Y += 15;
  textOrigin.Y += 15;
  }
  //输出图形
  g.Dispose();
  return bm;
  }
  catch
  {
  return bm;
  }
  }
  }
  public class ChartUtil
  {
  public ChartUtil()
  {
  }
  public static Color GetChartItemColor(int itemIndex)
  {
  Color selectedColor;
  switch(itemIndex)
  {
  case 0:
  selectedColor = Color.Blue;
  break;
  case 1:
  selectedColor = Color.Red;
  break;
  case 2:
  selectedColor = Color.Yellow;
  break;
  case 3:
  selectedColor = Color.Purple;
  break;
  default:
  selectedColor = Color.Green;
  break;
  }
  return selectedColor;
  }
  }
  }
  以上是一个完整的WinForm中制作饼状图和柱状图源程序,大家可以通过以上程序的更改,做出能满足自己程序的需要。

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